Metal Cutting Tool Materials Overview

Performances metal cutting tool materials should have

In metal cutting process, the cutting portion of the cutting tools bear great cutting force and intense friction under high temperatures. Intermittent cutting work is along with the shock and vibration and cause cutting temperature fluctuations. Thus, the metal cutting tool materials should have a high hardness and high wear resistance, sufficient strength and toughness, as well as a high heat resistance.

Generally, metal cutting tool materials should have a hardness of more than 60HRC at room temperature. The higher the hardness of the material is the better the abrasion resistance, but relative to the lower impact toughness. So requires metal cutting tool materials to maintain sufficient strength and toughness conditions, as far as possible to have high hardness and abrasion resistance. High heat resistance is able to maintain at high temperatures, a characteristic of the cutting tool, is usually measured with the high temperature value, and to measure the heat resistance temperature value can be allowed when the cutting of the cutting tool. It affects important indicators of metal cutting tool material cutting performance. Cutting speed, the higher the better the heat resistance of the material allows.

Metal cutting tool materials needed better technology and economy. Tool steel should have better heat treatment process: small quenching distortion, harden ability layers deep, shallow decarburized layer; High hardness materials can be grinded; materials required welded should have good thermal conductivity and welding process. In addition, the above performance requirements are met, should as far as possible to meet the requirements of resource-rich, low prices.

The choice of cuttingtool materials, it is difficult to find the performance with the best comprehensive performance and price between material hardness and toughness are mutually conditioned. Only in accordance with the process requires, as a precondition to ensure that the main demand performance, as much as possible selection of low-priced materials. Example roughing forging blank, the cutting tool materials should ensure that there is a high strength and toughness, and processing of high hardness materials automatic line of high hardness and wear-resistant parts, high productivity tool need to ensure a higher tool life.

Metal cutting tool materials' type

Metal cutting tool materials are divided into four broad categories: tool steel (including carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel, high speed steel), cemented carbide, ceramic and super hard cutting tool materials. Generally, high-speed steel and cemented carbide are often used.

Tool steel, heat resistance, high bending strength, cheap, welding and grinding performance, it is widely used in low-speed cutting the molding tool, and should not be high-speed cutting. cemented carbide good heat resistance, high cutting efficiency, but the blade strength, toughness less than tool steel, welding grinding process is also worse than tool steel, used for making turning tools, milling and efficient cutting tool.

Various Types of Cutting Tool Materials Degree and Toughness

Usually the higher the hardness allows cutting speed, while the higher the greater the toughness and higher can withstand cutting forces.

Metal cutting tools cutter body's materials

The cutter body generally made up by ordinary carbon steel or alloy steel production, such as welding turning tools, boring tools, drills, reamers, shank. The smaller size of the cutting tools or cutting load large cutting tools should be selected alloy tool steel or overall high-speed steel production, such as thread cutting tools, forming cutter, broaches.

Machine folder, indexable cemented carbide tools, insert cemented carbide drill, indexable milling cutters' cutter body can be made by alloy tool steel, such as 9CrSi or GCr15.

For some of the smaller size, stiffness, poor precision hole machining tool, such as small diameter boring tool, reamer, enough to ensure the cutter body rigidity should use solid cemented carbide production, in order to improve the cutting tool life and machining accuracy.

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